1成果简介 

　　六方氮化硼纳米片（BNNS）与碳纳米管（CNT）的1D/2D杂化填料被广泛用于构建高效热传导网络，但传统原位生长或化学接枝策略通常需要高温或苛刻氧化环境，易引入结构缺陷中断声子传输路径，且所得杂化材料多为低固含量悬浮液或粉末，存在储存稳定性差、再分散性有限等问题，严重制约了其可加工性与实际应用。本文，西京学院田瑞 副教授、陕西科技大学贾晓华 教授、宋浩杰 教授等在《Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials》期刊发表名为"Ionic Liquid Crystal-Induced Boron Nitride/Carbon Nanotube Dough with Shapeability and Redispersibility for Efficient Thermal Management"的论文，研究创新性地提出了一种利用离子液晶（ILC）进行简单、无损且可扩展的组装策略，成功构建了兼具可塑形性和再分散性的 BNNS/CNT 杂化填料（导热面团）。

　　ILC作为分子桥梁，通过阳离子-π相互作用、静电吸引和氢键等多种非共价作用连接BNNS与CNT，诱导其从良好分散的悬浮液逐步转变为浆料、凝胶，最终形成面团态。BNNS-ILC-CNT面团不仅具有优异的可成型性、可储存性和可再分散性，还可直接掺入聚合物基体形成连续热传导网络。所制备的芳纶纳米纤维（ANF）/BNNS-ILC-CNT复合纸（ABIC）在70 wt%填料含量下，面内热导率达13.2 ± 0.9 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹，比单一BNNS填料体系（ABI-70，7.0 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹）提升88.5%，比单一CNT体系（ACI-70，4.3 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹）提升206%。同时，ABIC-70复合纸韧性达9.5 MJ m⁻³（纯ANF纸的1.79倍），在4V电压下20s内焦耳加热至145°C，并展现出优异的LED散热性能（饱和温度63.7°C）和光热特性。该工作不仅有效克服了传统加工的局限性，还为高效热管理材料的规模化加工和实际应用提供了全新思路。

　　2图文导读  

　　图1、(a) Schematic diagram of the preparation process of BNNS-ILC-CNT dough. (b) Photographs of BNNS-ILC-CNT dough in different forms. (c) Morphological plasticity of BNNS-ILC-CNT dough. (d) The TEM image of BNNS-ILC-CNT dispersion. (e) The SEM image of BNNS-ILC-CNT dough. (f) XRD and (g) Raman of CNT, BNNS and BNNS-ILC-CNT dough。

　　图2、(a) FTIR and (b) XPS spectra of CNT, BNNS, ILC and BNNS-ILC-CNT dough. (c-f) High-resolution fine spectra of Br 3d, C 1s, B 1s and N 1s. (g) Mechanism of BNNS-ILC-CNT dough formation.

　　图3、(a) The flexibility of ABIC composite paper includes bending, folding and mechanical strength. (b) Tensile stress-strain curve of ABIC composite paper. (c) Tensile strength and elongation at break of ABIC composite paper. (d) Toughness of ABIC composite paper. (e) Tensile strength after treatment in different harsh environments. SEM images of (f1−2) ANF, (g1−2) ABIC-30, (h1−2) ABIC-50 and (i1−2) ABIC-70 cross-section.

　　图4、Thermal conductive properties and practical application performance of ABIC composite paper in thermal management. In-plane (a) and through-plane (b) thermal conductivity of composite paper with different filler contents. (c) Schematic diagram of thermal conductivity mechanism. (d) Simulated cross-sectional temperature distribution of composite paper. (e) Schematic of LED thermal modules. (f) Infrared thermal images and (g) temperature-time curves of the center temperature of LED chips after running for different time when ABI-70, ACI-70 and ABIC-70 composite paper are used as thermal material, respectively.

　　图5、(a) Schematic illustration of Joule heating. (b) Temperature versus time curves of the ABIC-70 composite paper at varying applied voltages. (c) Experimental data and linear fit of saturation temperature as a function of U2. (d) Evolution of the surface temperature of the ABIC-70 composite paper under progressive voltage changes. (e) Long-term time-temperature profile for the ABIC-70 composite paper under a constant voltage of 3 V. (f) Infrared thermographic image of the ABIC-70 composite paper during bending. (g) Infrared thermographic image of the ABIC-70 composite paper exposed to water vapor. (h) Infrared thermographic image of the ABIC-70 composite paper placed on the hand.

　　图6、Photothermal performance of ABIC-70 composite paper under varying optical power densities. (a) Temperature versus time curves of ABIC-70 composite paper at different optical power densities. (b) Adjustment of saturation temperature with varying optical power density. (c) Cyclic photothermal conversion efficiency of ABIC-70 composite paper under an optical power density of 2 kW m− 2. (d) Temperature versus time curves of ABIC-70 composite paper following 100 cycles at 2 kW m− 2. (e) Long-term temperature versus time curves of ABIC-70 composite paper at an optical power density of 2 kW m− 2

　　图7、(a) Photos of redispersion of BNNS-ILC-CNT dough. (b-e) Tensile stress-strain, heat dissipation properties, Joule heating properties and photothermal properties of composite papers prepared by redispersion of BNNS-ILC-CNT doughs.

　　3小结 

　　总而言之，本研究提出了一种离子液晶介导的组装策略，通过超声-水热过程成功构建了强耦合的BNNS-ILC-CNT杂化面团材料。ILC作为分子桥梁，通过阳离子-π、静电吸引和氢键等多重非共价作用连接BNNS与CNT，实现了从分散液到面团态的结构演变，赋予其优异的可成型性、可储存性和可再分散性。所制备的ANF/BNNS-ILC-CNT复合纸在70 wt%填料含量下，面内热导率达13.2 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹（比单一BNNS体系提升88.5%），韧性达9.5 MJ m⁻³（纯ANF的1.79倍），兼具快速焦耳加热响应（4V/20s/145°C）和优异LED散热能力（饱和温度63.7°C）。该工作为BNNS/CNT杂化材料的可扩展制备和高性能多功能热管理复合材料设计提供了简单而通用的范式。

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